Lemurs of Madagascar
Lemurs are among the most iconic animals of Madagascar, alongside the zebu. In fact, an hapalémur is depicted on the new 2,000 Ariary banknote. There are about 100 species of lemurs, all endemic to Madagascar. Many people likely know these fascinating creatures from the movie Madagascar or the documentary Island of Lemurs: Madagascar. The Lemur catta, or ring-tailed lemur, is probably the best-known species, commonly kept in captivity and found in zoos worldwide. Planning a trip to Madagascar soon? Here’s what you should know about these intriguing primates!
Meet the Lemurs !
Rarity and Uniqueness: According to scientists, lemurs arrived on the island from Africa around 25 million years ago, clinging to branches. The absence of predators allowed them to evolve freely, giving rise to diurnal and nocturnal species, some with tails, others without, ranging in size from a small mouse to a gorilla! Unfortunately, these giants were completely wiped out about 2,000 years ago when humans first arrived. Today, the largest lemur species only reaches 70 cm in size.
Appearance and habitat: Most lemurs have long snouts, large eyes, and small ears. Their fur is dense and sometimes woolly, coming in shades of gold, black, gray, and white. Some species have long tails, while others almost have none. The more common species resemble a mix between a dog, a cat, and a monkey—but with a beautifully harmonious result! These small, tree-dwelling primates are comfortable in a variety of environments, from the thick forests of the east to the spiny forests of the south and the dry forests of the west, such as the Tsingy de Bemaraha.
The most famous lemurs
Lemur catta: The unquestionable star
The ring-tailed lemur is the most widely known and commonly found lemur species in zoos and reserves around the world. Some private individuals also keep them (often illegally) because they are easy to raise in captivity. These lemurs enjoy sunbathing in a "yoga pose"! You can find them in almost every national park in Madagascar.
Indri Indri: The shy giant
The Indri is the largest lemur, measuring 70 cm and weighing up to 9 kg. It is a very shy creature that’s not easily observed. To spot them, you’ll need a skilled guide in the Andasibe Reserve, where they are seen in small groups of 2 to 6 individuals high up in the trees. This lemur is unique for its almost nonexistent tail.
Propithecus: The "Handsome" One
There are several species of propithecus, each varying in color and fur density, with the Diadema species being the most colorful. Known locally as Sifaka, these lemurs are famous for their impressive jumps. On the ground, they move in a vertical posture, galloping in a distinct way. They communicate with a mix of cries, growls, and squeals.
Madagascar’s fantastic creatures
During a visit to Madagascar, don’t miss the chance to visit the national parks and discover some of the island’s fantastic animals. One such creature is the Aye-Aye, a nocturnal lemur with large ears and powerful incisors. It listens for larvae inside tree trunks and extracts them using its unusually long third finger. Its appearance often reminds people of a gremlin! Another remarkable species is the microcèbe, the smallest lemur, measuring less than 10 cm and weighing around 30 g. The Kirindy Mitea National Park (in western Madagascar) is its primary habitat. There’s so much more to discover in Madagascar!