The importance of the Malagasy extended family

In Madagascar, family is sacred, much like in other countries. It is the foundation that allows individuals to thrive. However, Malagasy families stand out for their size and the way members are interconnected. Understanding these unique familial bonds can provide valuable insights for those planning to visit Madagascar.

An extended family structure

The concept of family in Madagascar is quite different from that in many other countries. In most cultures, family usually refers to parents, grandparents, children, and grandchildren. In contrast, Malagasy families are much larger. All descendants of the same lineage are considered family, including siblings, cousins, and even the ancestors of grandparents.  

Additionally, the Malagasy extend their sense of family to people from the same village or those who share a common tomb. These individuals often share the same culture and values and are treated like family during ceremonies or even casual visits. Malagasy hospitality is well-known, and they warmly welcome guests as part of their extended family.

A strong sense of connection

One defining characteristic of Malagasy families is that members almost always know one another, often meeting at traditional ceremonies such as vodiondry (traditional Malagasy weddings), famadihana (the turning or exhumation of the dead), and circumcision ceremonies. The size and solidarity of the family are especially evident during times of mourning.  

However, these close ties are not limited to special events. They are also reflected in everyday life, with family members supporting each other in various ways. For example, an uncle or aunt living in the city may host a niece or nephew pursuing their studies there. Similarly, children often spend vacations with their grandparents or extended relatives, even if they are second or third cousins.  

This deep connection reinforces the Malagasy concept of fihavanana, which emphasizes harmony, mutual assistance, and solidarity within families and communities. Within this framework, there are no secrets—families exist to support and care for one another.

Family heritage and traditions

The concept of "lova tsy mifindra" (non-transferable inheritance) was once a common practice in Madagascar, where cousins would marry each other to keep the family’s wealth and property within the lineage. This tradition ensured the family’s growth while preserving its material heritage.

Family-centered education

In Madagascar, children are raised very close to their families. Mothers find it difficult to part with their young ones, often keeping them at home well into adulthood. It is not uncommon for young adults, even those aged 30 or 35, to still live with their parents if they are unmarried.  

When parents are separated, widowed, or retired, it is also common for them to move back in with their children. These practices are entirely normal in Madagascar, although they may differ significantly from other countries, such as France, where children are encouraged to live independently once they reach adulthood.